r_code
Importing Data from other Statistical Sofware - haven
参考 Schouwenaars (2016)
读取其他统计软件的数据文件。
library(knitr)
include_graphics("figure/file-type-diff-stats-software.png")
其中比较熟悉的是 stata，主要是给经济学家使用的。
一般有两个包可以使用
- haven by Hadley Wickham
- foreign by R Core Team
由于 Hadley 名气很大，因此主要介绍前者。
sas
# Load the haven package
library(haven)
# Import sales.sas7bdat: sales
sales <- read_sas("datasets/sales.sas7bdat")
# Display the structure of sales
str(sales)
## Classes 'tbl_df', 'tbl' and 'data.frame': 431 obs. of 4 variables:
## $ purchase: num 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ age : num 41 47 41 39 32 32 33 45 43 40 ...
## $ gender : chr "Female" "Female" "Female" "Female" ...
## $ income : chr "Low" "Low" "Low" "Low" ...
## - attr(*, "label")= chr "SALES"
可以看到导入的数据格式就是 data.frame，因此非常方便。
stata
When inspecting the result of the
read_dta()call, you will notice that one column will be imported as alabelledvector, an R equivalent for the common data structure in other statistical environments. In order to effectively continue working on the data in R, it’s best to change this data into a standard R class. To convert a variable of the classlabelledto a factor, you’ll need haven’sas_factor()function. DataCamp
这是普遍经济学家得到一个 data.frame 时，喜欢的习惯——一个简称，一个解释。
# haven is already loaded
# Import the data from the URL: sugar
sugar <- read_dta("datasets/trade.dta")
# Structure of sugar
str(sugar)
## Classes 'tbl_df', 'tbl' and 'data.frame': 10 obs. of 5 variables:
## $ Date : 'haven_labelled' num 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Date"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## ..- attr(*, "labels")= Named num 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
## .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "2004-12-31" "2005-12-31" "2006-12-31" "2007-12-31" ...
## $ Import : num 37664782 16316512 11082246 35677943 9879878 ...
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Import"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## $ Weight_I: num 54029106 21584365 14526089 55034932 14806865 ...
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Weight_I"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## $ Export : num 5.45e+07 1.03e+08 3.79e+07 4.85e+07 7.15e+07 ...
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Export"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## $ Weight_E: num 9.34e+07 1.58e+08 8.80e+07 1.12e+08 1.32e+08 ...
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Weight_E"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## - attr(*, "label")= chr "Written by R."
# Convert values in Date column to dates
sugar$Date <- as.Date(as_factor(sugar$Date))
# Structure of sugar again
str(sugar)
## Classes 'tbl_df', 'tbl' and 'data.frame': 10 obs. of 5 variables:
## $ Date : Date, format: "2013-12-31" "2012-12-31" ...
## $ Import : num 37664782 16316512 11082246 35677943 9879878 ...
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Import"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## $ Weight_I: num 54029106 21584365 14526089 55034932 14806865 ...
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Weight_I"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## $ Export : num 5.45e+07 1.03e+08 3.79e+07 4.85e+07 7.15e+07 ...
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Export"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## $ Weight_E: num 9.34e+07 1.58e+08 8.80e+07 1.12e+08 1.32e+08 ...
## ..- attr(*, "label")= chr "Weight_E"
## ..- attr(*, "format.stata")= chr "%9.0g"
## - attr(*, "label")= chr "Written by R."
其中 label 是以attr 加入的。
head(sugar)
## # A tibble: 6 x 5
## Date Import Weight_I Export Weight_E
## <date> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 2013-12-31 37664782 54029106 54505513 93350013
## 2 2012-12-31 16316512 21584365 102700010 158000010
## 3 2011-12-31 11082246 14526089 37935000 88000000
## 4 2010-12-31 35677943 55034932 48515008 112000005
## 5 2009-12-31 9879878 14806865 71486545 131800000
## 6 2008-12-31 1539992 1749318 12311696 18500014
spss
suppressMessages(library(tidyverse))
traits <- read_sav("datasets/person.sav")
summary(traits)
## Neurotic Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness
## Min. : 0.00 Min. : 5.00 Min. :15.00 Min. : 7.00
## 1st Qu.:18.00 1st Qu.:26.00 1st Qu.:39.00 1st Qu.:25.00
## Median :24.00 Median :31.00 Median :45.00 Median :30.00
## Mean :23.63 Mean :30.23 Mean :44.55 Mean :30.85
## 3rd Qu.:29.00 3rd Qu.:34.00 3rd Qu.:50.00 3rd Qu.:36.00
## Max. :44.00 Max. :65.00 Max. :73.00 Max. :58.00
## NA's :14 NA's :16 NA's :19 NA's :14
traits %>% head
## # A tibble: 6 x 4
## Neurotic Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness
## <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 39 38 31 12
## 2 6 38 27 12
## 3 17 39 32 13
## 4 28 35 39 13
## 5 26 35 46 14
## 6 17 37 28 15
Schouwenaars, Filip. 2016. “Importing Data in R (Part 2).” 2016.
<https://www.datacamp.com/courses/importing-data-in-r-part-2>.